Thursday, September 25, 2008

FIRE WATER SYSTEM - FIRE PUMP

Fire Pump is the heart of fire water system. The fire pump delivers the necessary amount of water for fire fighting. I may not be able to explain in layman's term the fire pump system but I will be giving links for more information. I believe fire pump manufacturers and vendors are the best source of knowledge in fire pump system. NFPA 20 is the most common code/standard used by engineers and fire protection system designers. 

Below are the links of fire pump vendor's I am familiar with:


http://www.peerlesspump.com/fire_pumps.aspx
http://www.peerlessxnet.com/documents/B-1540.pdf
http://www.tppump.com/media/literature/Brochures%20and%20Technical%20Data/Fire%20Protection/Patterson/Patterson%20Fire%20Pump%20Brochure.pdf
http://completewatersystems.com/brand/a-c-fire-pump/literature/
http://www.aurorapump.com/EngineeredApplications_FireProtection.aspx
http://www.firesafetysearch.com/products/fire-pumps/
 http://www.nijhuis.com/EngineeredSearchResults.aspx#ProductType=Fire+Pumps+%26+Systems|isAccessory=true

Wednesday, September 24, 2008

COMMON FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS

When you go out malling, shopping, or checking-in hotels, wherever you go you'll find a cylindrical red object hanging on the wall, or sometimes you'll see white or red hose near exit doors. Those are fire extinguisher and fire hose installed for fire fighting use. But we are not limited to portable systems. When you look at the ceiling you will find a small object like inverted umbrella with small piece of colored, sometimes red, object.

If you still remember the movie Hollow man there is a scene where somebody shoot an object to let the water come out to see the figure of hollow man. That object is what we call sprinkler. On other luxurious hotels or buildings, these sprinklers are hidden or concealed.

There are many fire protection systems that are installed today to protect people and properties.
As we go along with this blog we will discuss each systems in detail to the best I can. As of now, the following fire protection systems are, what I know, commonly used.

Residential Areas:
A. Sprinkler Systems - in US they have a regulation to provide sprinkler system for residential houses. Of course it depends on how big your house is or how many person and hazard are present.




(upload.wikimedia.org)





(www.reevesplumbing.com)


B. Fire Hydrants - these are located along the roads and should not be blocked such as by parking your car.









www.sccfd.org/hydrants_bluedots.html)





C. Portable Fire Extinguishers - it is recommendable to provide fire extinguishers in our home near our kitchen, bedrooms and living room. And every member of the family should experience and should be trained to operate portable fire extinguishers. Later on I will discuss my recommended fire safety program for our home.

(www.adelaidebackpackersinn.net.au)






(www.utsystem.edu)



D. others - to be added later



Buildings:
A. Sprinkler systems
B. Fire hydrants - located outside the building
C. Portable Fire Extinguishers
D. Dry Chemical Automatic fire extinguishing system -for the building's kitchen rooms
E. Clean Agent Systems - for computer rooms
F. CO2 Fire Extinguishing system - applicable for computer rooms
G. many more- to be added later

Industrial Plants:
A. Industrial plants include small buildings such as control building, electrical building, instrument building, and administration building. May be some large industrial plants will have sleeping quarters and separate building for canteen and laboratory. Therefore, the fire protection system will always depend on the hazard inside the building.

B. Outdoor Hydrants are provided and sometimes with fire hose cabinets that store different portable devices; fire hoses, hose nozzle, etc.

C. Foam Systems are provided if the plant is processing hydrocarbons such as diesel oils, gasoline, etc.

D. Fire Trucks - since most of the industrial plants are located far from municipal fire department the plant should have its own fire trucks and emergency vehicles. But sometimes small industrial plants are located on what government call "Industrial Areas" in which there is a fire department intended for Industrial Areas.

E. Other systems - as of now, I cannot think of systems that I missed. Later, I will add if I find something is missing and worth mentioning.

WHAT IS FIRE?

Let us check the definition from the Webster’s New World College Dictionary on Power CD.




(Click to view in a larger window)


Other books define FIRE as chemical reaction involving rapid oxidation (combustion) of a fuel. (Guidelines for Fire Protection in Chemical Petrochemical, and Hydrocarbon Processing Facilities,Appendix B, Understanding Fires). This definition can be understood by engineers, scientists, and may be some individual. Let me define in simple term, as what they call "in layman's term". Fire is the reaction when we apply enough heat to burnable material with the presence of oxygen. With the help of Webster’s New World College Dictionary on Power CD let us look for the definition of heat and oxygen.












(Click to view
in a larger window)


I hope that those definitions of Heat and Oxygen will give you enough idea. Anyway, oxygen is abundant in Air. The air we breathe contains 21 % of oxygen. Because air is present everywhere we can always assume that any burnable materials is in contact or will easily be in contact with oxygen. If you are thinking what are those burnable materials I will give you several examples.


Let me introduce first the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). This association is composed of several engineers and specialist in fire protection. They published NFPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers. This standard classify the different type of burnable materials into what kind of fire it will create




(Click to view in a larger window)


I think now it is clear to readers that most of the things around us burn: our clothes, any products made of wood, plastic materials, products made of oil such as gasoline and lubricants, even metals burn. Therefore, there is a great risks on those burnable materials if we will not provide fire protection systems.

INTRODUCTION

This blog is dedicated to all who are not familiar to systems protecting their premises against unpredictable fire. I am not a graduate of Fire Protection Engineering, I am a registered Mechanical Engineer practicing Fire Protection System design for industrial plants, chemical plants, and oil and gas industrial plants. I will use this blog to write the knowledge I have in fire protection systems that I gained from years of experience in different projects. I will do some research work and post the latest information regarding fire protection system.

I will accept all your inputs, comments or suggestions regarding the topics I posted or further improvement to make this blog very useful and friendly.

To all readers, majority of the contents of this blog site will be the Author's opinion. Data taken from other sources will be noted and I will show the reference, website, book, or publication to be fair with the other Author or owner.

Let's start our very informative blog about fire protection systems.